What is Calculated Take Off Time (CTOT)
In congested airspaces, Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs) have several frameworks which help to manage the air traffic flow across …
Glossary
What is a Step Climb?
During the pre-flight phase, the flight crew of the aircraft conducts flight planning for the flight. As part of this …
What is Top of Climb (T/C)?
Top of Climb, commonly abbreviated as T/C or TOC, is the calculated point at which the aircraft reaches its cruising …
How to Calculate Top of Descent (T/D)?
In en-route flight management and planning, Top of Descent (T/D) is the calculated point during a flight in which the …
Inertial Navigation System (INS) and Inertial Reference System (IRS) – Differences and Functions
Commercial aircraft navigation systems consist of processes which provide a positioning system to the aircraft. These positioning systems communicate with …
Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC) | Aviation Glossary
Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC) refers to the duration of time in which sufficient cognitive function is maintained between loss …
What is Form Drag? | Aviation Glossary
In aerodynamics, there are various categories of drag used to provide a distinctive classification of different types. Due to the …
Configuration Deviation List (CDL) | Aviation Glossary
A Configuration Deviation List (CDL) is a list published by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) of an aircraft design that …
Airport Mapping Database (AMDB) – Functions and Features
An Airport Mapping Database, also known as AMDB, is a system which outlines the layout of an airport. The map …
Flaperons | Aviation Glossary
On fixed-wing aircraft, there are numerous aerodynamic devices installed which serve a number of functions. These functions include the generation …
Noise Abatement | Aviation Glossary
In areas surrounding most airports, there is typically an initiative undertaken by various stakeholders with the objective of mitigating noise …
What is an Acceptance Flight? | Aviation Glossary
Outside of commercial operations, aircraft are required to undergo a series of non-revenue test flights to verify particular aspects of …